can mononucleosis cause lupus

Relatively few studies have addressed genetic factors associated with EBV infection, presumably due to the ubiquitous occurrence of EBV. Odumade OA, Hogqu KA. Many people with lupus experience memory problems . Hammerschmidt W. The Epigenetic Life Cycle of Epstein-Barr Virus. Signaling pathways involved in the T-cell-mediated immunity against Epstein-Barr virus: Lessons from genetic diseases. Systemic lupus erythematosus manifestation following COVID-19: a case The site is secure. Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease. J Intern Med (2020) 5:514. doi: 10.1111/joim.13058, 114. Epstein-Barr Virus: Diseases Linked to Infection and Transformation. Epstein-Barr virus latency: current and future perspectives. The genetics of rheumatoid arthritis. Major environmental factors promoting development of SLE are silica dust exposure, sun burn, smoking, vitD deficiency and EBV infection (147153). EBV behaves like an immune system hijacker. Scleroderma Center News Interested In Epstein-Barr virus large tegument protein BPLF1 contributes to innate immune evasion through interference with toll-like receptor signaling. Kenney SC. Thus, SS may in some respects be thought of as SLE effecting the exocrine glands, while SS also has many characteristics in common with RA. Symptoms last for weeks and sometime months, but rarely are there serious complications. Genes that code for complement receptors and antibody receptors are also known to be associated with lupus. Omissions? The characteristic ACPAs seen in a major proportion of RA patients have been found to represent Abs to a citrullinated region of EBNA2, an important transcription factor of EBV expressed in lytic phases (120). There are no widely accepted criteria (rules) for diagnosis. Front Immunol (2020) 11:367. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00367, 48. Jha HC, Pei Y, Robertson ES. Transmission of EBV mainly occurs through saliva but can rarely be spread through semen or blood, e.g. While researchers are confident that lupus is caused by both genes and environmental triggers, they cannot determine which factor sets the disease in motion or how precisely these two elements interact. It is not known how exactly EBV and other infections trigger autoimmune disease. Liu Z, Coghill AE, Pfeiffer RM, Proietti C, Hsu WL, Chien YC, et al. Human inborn errors of immunity to herpes viruses. Lupus (2018) 27(1_suppl):32. doi: 10.1177/0961203318801673, 129. Pender MP. Virus particles in cultured lymphoblasts from Burkitts lymphoma. IM has previously been associated with the presence of so-called heterophile Abs, however, this test has a rather low specificity and it remains unclear, what the test actually measures (2, 98). If this unexpected relationship between the Epstein-Barr virus and autoimmune diseases in fact proves to be the root cause for at least some of the patients with these diseases, then a vaccine could be developed. "These are very clearly newly acquiredno question about it," he explains, pointing to one . Gram AM, Oosenbrug T, Lindenbergh MF, Bll C, Comvalius A, Dickson KJ, et al. J Clin Virol (2004) 2:157. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2003.10.002, 92. More often than not, autoimmune conditions go undiagnosed for many years because of seemingly unrelated symptoms and get lost in the conventional medical system. Annually, 10% to 20% of EBV-naive persons become infected, and 30% to 50% develop IM . Myocarditis can also be caused by HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Epstein-Barr Virus and Innate Immunity: Friends or Foes? James JA, Harley JB, Scofield RH. Infectious Mononucleosis. Flm ST, Gunnarsson R, Garen T, Norwegian MCTD Study Group, BA L, Molberg . Latour S, Fischer A. How Can a Common Virus Cause Multiple Sclerosis? New Scand J Infect Dis Suppl (1996) 100:83. Rev Med Virol (2015) 20152:71. doi: 10.1002/rmv.1816, 83. Agarwal SK, Reveille JD. Epstein-Barr virus gp42 is posttranslationally modified to produce soluble gp42 that mediates HLA class II immune evasion. (A) Schematic illustration of the basic EBV structure. In particular, Epstein-Barr, the virus that causes mononucleosis. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the sero-epidemiological association between Epstein-Barr virus and rheumatoid arthritis. Ressing ME, van Leeuwen D, Verreck FA, Gomez R, Heemskerk B, Toebes M, et al. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Kwok H, Chan KW, Chan KH, Chiang AK. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Lupus) - Who gets it? | NIAMS This article was most recently revised and updated by, 44 Questions from Britannicas Most Popular Health and Medicine Quizzes, https://www.britannica.com/science/mononucleosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Epstein-Barr Virus and Infectious Mononucleosis. You can get it through kissing, but you can also be exposed by sharing a glass or food utensils with someone who has mono. Cytomegalovirus infection in pediatric rheumatic diseases: a review. Harley explains that, since the Epstein-Barr virus is so prevalent, human bodies go to extraordinary lengths to try to control and eliminate it, and the virus has developed ways to hide from or avoid the immune system. Granato M, Feederle R, Farina A, Gonnella R, Santarelli R, Hub B, et al. Moreover, EBV-encoded RNA hybridization and EBV LMP1 immunostains are used routinely to detect latent EBV in tissues affected by posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) or in enlarged nodes from IM patients (92). Other EBV proteins are involved in minimization of MHC-I expression, including BNLF2a, BILF1, BGLF5. Durcan L, ODwyer T, Petri M. Management strategies and future directions for systemic lupus erythematosus in adults. Many never have symptoms. *Correspondence: Gunnar Houen, gunnarh@bmb.sdu.dk; Nicole Hartwig Trier, nicole.hartwig.trier@regionh.dk, View all McInnes IB, Schett G. Pathogenetic insights from the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Transmission of EBV mainly occurs through saliva but can rarely be spread through semen or blood, e.g. A common feature seems to be decreased immune control of EBV. Such an observation make sense in light of the evolutionary need for women to survive to nurture their children. The new insight can help people who are prone to such conditions in which the bodys defense system attacks itself. The etiology of RA is commonly ascribed to genetically determined defective self-tolerance, but environmental factors are known to play a dominating role, including EBV infection (113116). In most people with mono, symptoms last a few weeks. The rates of infection with the virus were shown to be increased by as much as 50-fold in children with lupus, in a 1997 study by Harley and colleagues at the University of Oklahoma. Together, the innate and adaptive immune evasion mechanisms of EBV assure its persistence in the host. It correlates to various autoimmune conditions, including chronic fatigue, lupus, fibromyalgia, Hashimotos, Graves disease, and multiple sclerosis (MS). PLoS One (2019) 12:e0226436. Neuroscientist (2011) 17:351. doi: 10.1177/1073858410381531, 85. Tsubota K, Fujishima H, Toda I, Katagiri S, Kawashima Y, Saito I. Early events in lupus humoral autoimmunity suggest initiation through molecular mimicry. Using three EBV antigens, viral capsid antigen (VCA) IgG, VCA IgM and EBNA1 IgG, it is normally possible to distinguish an acute from a past infection. The clinical characteristics of RA are swollen and painful joints, caused by synovial inflammation eventually resulting in exaggerated connective tissue deposition (pannus formation) and bone erosion, with resulting disability. It does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. J Exp Med (2007) 204:1863. doi: 10.1084/jem.20070256, 66. Genetic factors influencing EBV control are in principle all genes of the immune system. Lupus patients have also been shown to have elevated Epstein-Barr virus loads in their blood. Arthritis Rheum (2011) 2:530. doi: 10.1002/art.30111, 168. The EBV genome encodes 9 different envelope entry gPs (Table 1). Semin Arthritis Rheum (2018) 3:504. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2018.02.003, 171. The effects of EBV have not escaped me either. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. In: Arvin A, Campadelli-Fiume G, Mocarski E, Moore PS, Roizman B, Whitley R, et al., editors. Esposito S, Bosis S, Semino M, Rigante D. Infections and systemic lupus erythematosus. Patterns of Interindividual Variability in the Antibody Repertoire Targeting Proteins Across the Epstein-Barr Virus Proteome. In some people, EBV causes symptoms and other illnesses long after their first exposure.1,2, A 2018 study found that EBV may lead to autoimmune diseases by affecting peoples genes. When analyzing genomic locations associated with the other autoimmune diseases, EBNA2 was seen to bind to a relevant proportion of these as well. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version. Binding of these abnormal transcription factors to a certain part of the genetic code increases the risk of lupus or the other autoimmune diseases. Lupus.net does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. This information is not designed to replace a physicians independent judgment about the appropriateness or risks of a procedure for a given patient. The researchers found that the seven autoimmune diseases shared a common set of abnormal transcription factors or proteins. As the authors write in the paper, the results could provide "mechanisms possibly explaining the molecular and cellular origins of disease risk." Various viral infections have been linked to lupus flares, including human parvovirus, herpes simplex virus, and hepatitis A. Epstein-Barr, the virus that causes mononucleosis, has been studied . 178. Finally, prior infections may play a role in shaping an individuals immune repertoire and resulting capacity to combat later infections, as evidenced by the more serious course of EBV infection in adolescence or later in life. They looked at genes activated in immune cells called B lymphocytes that are involved in fighting viral infections. For unknown reasons, infection with EBV can in rare cases trigger some types of cancer. In the study, the researchers used data sets to look for associations between EBV infection and autoimmune diseases. Upon switching to lytic cycle with production of viral proteins, EBV downregulates MHC-I and interferes with presentation of viral peptides on MHC-I via BDLF3-induced ubiquitination of MHC-I (62). World J Pediatr (2019). doi: 10.1073/pnas.1804184115, 88. PLoS One (2015) 3:e0120710. BMC Dermatol (2014) 14:9. doi: 10.1186/1471-5945-14-9, 172. Nat Commun (2015) 6:6240. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7240, 36. What Is The Connection Between Lupus and Sjogrens Syndrome? Epstein-Barr Virus-Specific Humoral Immune Responses in Health and Disease.
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